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growth factor tgf β  (Bioss)


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    Structured Review

    Bioss growth factor tgf β
    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of <t>TGF-β</t> (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.
    Growth Factor Tgf β, supplied by Bioss, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 114 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/growth factor tgf β/product/Bioss
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    growth factor tgf β - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Latilactobacillus curvatus DCF0620 and postbiotics derived from soybean germ reduce colitis severity by modulating fibrosis and gut dysbiosis"

    Article Title: Latilactobacillus curvatus DCF0620 and postbiotics derived from soybean germ reduce colitis severity by modulating fibrosis and gut dysbiosis

    Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1726298

    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of TGF-β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.
    Figure Legend Snippet: L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of TGF-β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.

    Techniques Used: In Vitro, Saline, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot

    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Each strain was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). On day 11, colon tissue sections were stained with Masson’s trichrome and Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Each strain was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). On day 11, colon tissue sections were stained with Masson’s trichrome and Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001.

    Techniques Used: Injection, Control, Staining

    Postbiotics from L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis and inflammation in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Then, 200 μL of postbiotics (100 mg/mL in PBS) was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). (A) On day 12, colon tissue sections were stained with Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. (B) On day 12, the sections were stained with Abs against TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. ****P < 0.0001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Postbiotics from L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis and inflammation in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Then, 200 μL of postbiotics (100 mg/mL in PBS) was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). (A) On day 12, colon tissue sections were stained with Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. (B) On day 12, the sections were stained with Abs against TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. ****P < 0.0001.

    Techniques Used: Injection, Control, Staining



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    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of <t>TGF-β</t> (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.
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    Image Search Results


    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of TGF-β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.

    Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

    Article Title: Latilactobacillus curvatus DCF0620 and postbiotics derived from soybean germ reduce colitis severity by modulating fibrosis and gut dysbiosis

    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1726298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 improve inflammation and fibrosis in vitro . (A) Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice (n = 4-6) were stimulated with each strain separately (at 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) for 2 h and then cultured with anti-CD3 Ab (2 μg/mL) or LPS (500 ng/mL) for 3 days. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in the culture supernatant were determined via ELISA. (B) CCD-18Co cells were treated with each strain separately (at 10 μg/mL) or vehicle (saline) in the presence of TGF-β (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. The levels of fibronectin were assessed via immunoblotting. Values are presented as means ± SDs. Data are representative of two independent experiments.

    Article Snippet: The sections were incubated with primary antibodies (Abs) against TNF-α (#ab6671; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), IL-1β (#ab9722; Abcam), IL-6 (#ab7737; Abcam), IL-17 (#ab79056; Abcam), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (#BS-0086R; Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA), type I collagen (Col1) (#ab6308; Abcam), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (#ab7817; Abcam) for 2 h at room temperature.

    Techniques: In Vitro, Saline, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot

    L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Each strain was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). On day 11, colon tissue sections were stained with Masson’s trichrome and Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001.

    Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

    Article Title: Latilactobacillus curvatus DCF0620 and postbiotics derived from soybean germ reduce colitis severity by modulating fibrosis and gut dysbiosis

    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1726298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: L. paracasei DCF0420, L. plantarum DCF0514, and L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Each strain was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). On day 11, colon tissue sections were stained with Masson’s trichrome and Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001.

    Article Snippet: The sections were incubated with primary antibodies (Abs) against TNF-α (#ab6671; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), IL-1β (#ab9722; Abcam), IL-6 (#ab7737; Abcam), IL-17 (#ab79056; Abcam), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (#BS-0086R; Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA), type I collagen (Col1) (#ab6308; Abcam), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (#ab7817; Abcam) for 2 h at room temperature.

    Techniques: Injection, Control, Staining

    Postbiotics from L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis and inflammation in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Then, 200 μL of postbiotics (100 mg/mL in PBS) was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). (A) On day 12, colon tissue sections were stained with Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. (B) On day 12, the sections were stained with Abs against TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. ****P < 0.0001.

    Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

    Article Title: Latilactobacillus curvatus DCF0620 and postbiotics derived from soybean germ reduce colitis severity by modulating fibrosis and gut dysbiosis

    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1726298

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Postbiotics from L. curvatus DCF0620 reduce colonic fibrosis and inflammation in mice with colitis. Acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of 2% DSS. Then, 200 μL of postbiotics (100 mg/mL in PBS) was orally administered to the mice from 7 days before DSS injection until the end of the experiment (n = 4-5/group, normal control n = 3). (A) On day 12, colon tissue sections were stained with Abs against TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA. (B) On day 12, the sections were stained with Abs against TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. Representative images are shown (original magnification: 400×, Scale bar: 100 µm). Graphs display the numbers of Ab-positive cells per field. Data are expressed as mean ± SDs. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. ****P < 0.0001.

    Article Snippet: The sections were incubated with primary antibodies (Abs) against TNF-α (#ab6671; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), IL-1β (#ab9722; Abcam), IL-6 (#ab7737; Abcam), IL-17 (#ab79056; Abcam), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (#BS-0086R; Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA), type I collagen (Col1) (#ab6308; Abcam), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (#ab7817; Abcam) for 2 h at room temperature.

    Techniques: Injection, Control, Staining

    Mechanism diagram of moxibustion intervention in gastric cancer mice for immune regulation and anti-tumor effects. Moxibustion can reverse tumor immune escape and enhance the immune function of the body by regulating and reducing the proportion of CD4 + CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the blood and the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1. The acupoints for the corresponding experimental mice are Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4), and Zusanli (ST36).

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism diagram of moxibustion intervention in gastric cancer mice for immune regulation and anti-tumor effects. Moxibustion can reverse tumor immune escape and enhance the immune function of the body by regulating and reducing the proportion of CD4 + CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the blood and the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1. The acupoints for the corresponding experimental mice are Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4), and Zusanli (ST36).

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

    Techniques: Expressing

    Correlation analysis among FOXP3, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer tissues, FOXP3, IL-10 and TGFβ1 are all associated with immune cells to varying degrees (A) , and have a strong association with Treg cells (B) .

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation analysis among FOXP3, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer tissues, FOXP3, IL-10 and TGFβ1 are all associated with immune cells to varying degrees (A) , and have a strong association with Treg cells (B) .

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

    Techniques:

    Experimental results in mice. (A) Grouped appearance images of nude mice, showing the general conditions of the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group. (B) Gross specimens of tumor tissues from each group of nude mice, comparing the size and shape differences of tumors in each group through a ruler. The two sub-figures have visual proportion differences due to different shooting distances; the actual size should be based on the scale and quantitative data. (C) The changes in tumor volume of each group of mice. The horizontal axis represents the number of days of observation after mouse modeling, and the vertical axis indicates the size of the tumor volume. The expression differences began to be shown from the 12th day as illustrated in the figure. The significant differences between groups are indicated by the letter method. If the letters are the same, it means there is no statistical difference between the two groups; otherwise, there is a difference (p < 0.05). (A) compared with the model group; (B) compared with the moxibustion group; (C) compared with the chemotherapy group. Model group: 32.01 ± 5.49 mm 3 , 92.19 ± 20.40 mm 3 , 157.30 ± 28.79 mm 3 , 276.10 ± 76.86 mm 3 . Moxibustion group: 32.96 ± 2.93 mm 3 , 51.29 ± 12.55 mm 3 , 85.08 ± 17.83 mm 3 , 182.55 ± 15.40 mm 3 . Chemotherapy group: 30.36 ± 7.72 mm 3 , 37.97 ± 15.11 mm 3 , 68.57 ± 15.09 mm 3 , 123.15 ± 36.76 mm 3 . Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group: 26.39 ± 10.52 mm 3 , 31.50 ± 8.50 mm 3 , 43.53 ± 14.24 mm 3 , 64.09 ± 17.86 mm 3 . There were significant differences in tumor volume among the groups of mice (overall between-group effect: F (3,20) = 90.502, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.931). Post hoc comparisons, with the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group as the reference, showed that on the ninth day, the tumor volume of the model group and the moxibustion group was significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (both p < 0.05); by the 12th day, the tumor volume of the chemotherapy group was also significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (p = 0.041); on the 15th day, the tumor volume of all single-treatment groups was extremely significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (model group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; moxibustion group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; chemotherapy group vs. combined group: p = 0.031). (D) HE staining pathological sections of tumor tissues from each group (upper: low-power field; lower: high-power field of the selected area). (E) Protein expression of FOXP3 and TGF-β1 in tumor tissues. (a) Protein molecular weight standard. (b) Representative results of three independent repeated experiments detected by Western blot. The letters A-E above the bands represent the blank control group, model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and combined treatment group, respectively. (c–d) Semi-quantitative statistical analysis of FOXP3 (c) and TGF-β1 (d) protein expression. The data were calculated by the ratio of the gray value of the target protein to GAPDH and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (α = 0.05).

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental results in mice. (A) Grouped appearance images of nude mice, showing the general conditions of the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group. (B) Gross specimens of tumor tissues from each group of nude mice, comparing the size and shape differences of tumors in each group through a ruler. The two sub-figures have visual proportion differences due to different shooting distances; the actual size should be based on the scale and quantitative data. (C) The changes in tumor volume of each group of mice. The horizontal axis represents the number of days of observation after mouse modeling, and the vertical axis indicates the size of the tumor volume. The expression differences began to be shown from the 12th day as illustrated in the figure. The significant differences between groups are indicated by the letter method. If the letters are the same, it means there is no statistical difference between the two groups; otherwise, there is a difference (p < 0.05). (A) compared with the model group; (B) compared with the moxibustion group; (C) compared with the chemotherapy group. Model group: 32.01 ± 5.49 mm 3 , 92.19 ± 20.40 mm 3 , 157.30 ± 28.79 mm 3 , 276.10 ± 76.86 mm 3 . Moxibustion group: 32.96 ± 2.93 mm 3 , 51.29 ± 12.55 mm 3 , 85.08 ± 17.83 mm 3 , 182.55 ± 15.40 mm 3 . Chemotherapy group: 30.36 ± 7.72 mm 3 , 37.97 ± 15.11 mm 3 , 68.57 ± 15.09 mm 3 , 123.15 ± 36.76 mm 3 . Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group: 26.39 ± 10.52 mm 3 , 31.50 ± 8.50 mm 3 , 43.53 ± 14.24 mm 3 , 64.09 ± 17.86 mm 3 . There were significant differences in tumor volume among the groups of mice (overall between-group effect: F (3,20) = 90.502, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.931). Post hoc comparisons, with the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group as the reference, showed that on the ninth day, the tumor volume of the model group and the moxibustion group was significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (both p < 0.05); by the 12th day, the tumor volume of the chemotherapy group was also significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (p = 0.041); on the 15th day, the tumor volume of all single-treatment groups was extremely significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (model group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; moxibustion group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; chemotherapy group vs. combined group: p = 0.031). (D) HE staining pathological sections of tumor tissues from each group (upper: low-power field; lower: high-power field of the selected area). (E) Protein expression of FOXP3 and TGF-β1 in tumor tissues. (a) Protein molecular weight standard. (b) Representative results of three independent repeated experiments detected by Western blot. The letters A-E above the bands represent the blank control group, model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and combined treatment group, respectively. (c–d) Semi-quantitative statistical analysis of FOXP3 (c) and TGF-β1 (d) protein expression. The data were calculated by the ratio of the gray value of the target protein to GAPDH and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (α = 0.05).

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

    Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Molecular Weight, Western Blot, Control, Standard Deviation

    The effects on the expression of FOXP3+ Treg in the tumor microenvironment and key inhibitory factors in the peripheral blood of mice in each group. (A) Representative flow cytometry dot plots of the proportion of CD4 + CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood of each group of mice. The cell gating strategy was based on the consensus marker scheme for Treg cell analysis: first, the lymphocyte population was gated, followed by gating of CD4 + T cells and CD25 + cells in sequence, and finally the Treg cell population was determined by FOXP3+ cells. The model group was 7.49%, the moxibustion group was 5.42%, the chemotherapy group was 4.73%, and the moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group was 4.15%. (B) Comparison of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg, TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels in the serum of mice among different groups. A, B, C, and D represent different groups. The expression levels of Treg (%) in the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group were 7.02 ± 0.45, 5.59 ± 0.35, 4.73 ± 0.57, and 3.91 ± 0.21, respectively; the expression levels of TGF-β1 (pg/mL) were 547.84 ± 7.25, 325.24 ± 15.03, 322.05 ± 21.91, and 266.82 ± 13.71, respectively; the expression levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) were 127.21 ± 2.07, 101.68 ± 1.42, 84.53 ± 4.25, and 51.42 ± 3.65, respectively.

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects on the expression of FOXP3+ Treg in the tumor microenvironment and key inhibitory factors in the peripheral blood of mice in each group. (A) Representative flow cytometry dot plots of the proportion of CD4 + CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood of each group of mice. The cell gating strategy was based on the consensus marker scheme for Treg cell analysis: first, the lymphocyte population was gated, followed by gating of CD4 + T cells and CD25 + cells in sequence, and finally the Treg cell population was determined by FOXP3+ cells. The model group was 7.49%, the moxibustion group was 5.42%, the chemotherapy group was 4.73%, and the moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group was 4.15%. (B) Comparison of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg, TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels in the serum of mice among different groups. A, B, C, and D represent different groups. The expression levels of Treg (%) in the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group were 7.02 ± 0.45, 5.59 ± 0.35, 4.73 ± 0.57, and 3.91 ± 0.21, respectively; the expression levels of TGF-β1 (pg/mL) were 547.84 ± 7.25, 325.24 ± 15.03, 322.05 ± 21.91, and 266.82 ± 13.71, respectively; the expression levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) were 127.21 ± 2.07, 101.68 ± 1.42, 84.53 ± 4.25, and 51.42 ± 3.65, respectively.

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

    Techniques: Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Marker, Cell Analysis, Sequencing, Comparison